Together, our data demonstrate that VSV∆51-amiR-4-infected cells induce a bystander effect in the TME by secreting amiR-4-containing SEVs which facilitate tumour cell death via a synthetic lethal interaction between ARID1A and EZH2 with the addition of the small-molecule inhibitor GSK126 (Fig. 6g). The gene discussed is ARID1A; the disease is neoplasm.