As circulating peripheral levels of neuroprotective growth factors and inflammatory cytokines have been suggested to be associated with AD-type brain pathology (e.g., decreased Aβ-42 and increased phosphorylated tau) [37, 72, 73], identifying a means of modulating the levels of neuroprotective growth factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines would represent an important advance in AD treatment [74]. The gene discussed is MAPT; the disease is Alzheimer disease.