On the other hand, besides their dual roles in scavenging and/or utilizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill cancer cells (Kirtonia et al., 2020), dietary antioxidants possess other anticancer effects as shown by EGCG inhibiting human lymphoma cell proliferation by modulating the epigenetic modification of p16INK4a (Wu et al., 2013), and halting the proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer cells via epigenetic changes of cIAP2 gene (Steed et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene BIRC3 and cancer.