VEGFA and retinal detachment: Oxygen supplementation in premature infants can lead to hyperoxia-induced underexpression of VEGF, resulting in pathologic regression of retinal BVs. As the infant returns to room air, the deficit in retinal BVs results in a relatively hypoxic state, causing robust angiogenesis. This compensatory response results in the excessive formation of leaky BVs that may infiltrate the inner layer of the retina and vitreous, potentially causing retinal detachment and blindness.