NPPB and hydrops fetalis: The KaRen study included patients who presented to the Emergency with the clinical signs and symptoms of HF, fulfilling the Framingham criteria, with an elevated BNP or N-terminal prohormone of BNP, with an echocardiographic measurement of LVEF greater than 45 % within the first 72 hours of presentation (Donal et al., 2009[25]).