RAF1 and cancer: These apoptotic genes were validated by RT-PCR in vitro, as shown in Figure 5; the mRNA expressions of CASP8, BAX, CDKN1A, PTEN, BAD, CASP3, MAPK8, GSK3B, and NKX3-1 were upregulated in cancer cells, and the mRNA expressions of AR, FASLG, HIF1A, MMP9, PPARD, RELA, BCL2L1, TGFB1, PTGS2, RAF1, RB1, CASP9, AKT1, PRKCA, BCL2, CTNNB1, E2F1, E2F2, JUN, MDM2, and TP53 were downregulated in cancer cells after the treatment with YQYYJDR.