Controls exhibited a significantly greater increase in LH AUC with progesterone versus placebo administration (ratio of GM ratios 2.22 [95% CI, 1.36–3.61]; p = 0.003), but women with PCOS did not (ratio of GM ratios 1.41 [95% CI, 0.86–2.30]; p = 0.160). This evidence concerns the gene PLOD1 and polycystic ovary syndrome.