Thus, dysbiosis of the intestinal flora can lead to altered immune responses in infants and children, which in turn can affect the development of lung diseases such as pulmonary cystic fibrosis degeneration through the “gut-lung axis.” In one report, a low relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae at 1 week of age in infants developed IgE-associated eczema. The gene discussed is IGHE; the disease is lung disorder.