As expected, CGP alone was able to result in unambiguous inference of tumor clonality in all 16 (100%) patients and tumor origin for 7 (43.8%; i.e. Class I patients), including 4 with multiple primary and 3 with metastatic LC based on presence of highly specific LC drivers (actionable EGFR mutations: 2, EML4-ALK rearrangement: 1). Here, ALK is linked to laryngotracheoesophageal cleft.