SHBG and diabetes mellitus: The association between low SHBG and HbA1c was also found in postmenopausal women; further, low total testosterone (TT) and SHBG were reported to be associated with HbA1c even below the threshold for diabetes in middle-aged and older men [10–12], which suggested that sex hormones might be markers of pathological processes resulting in elevated glucose levels among populations without diabetes.