IL1B and Alzheimer disease: Aβ aggregation is believed to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of AD; likewise, chronic neuroinflammation mediated by the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome also plays a crucial role in the AD pathogenesis.10,63 Aβ deposits activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to an overproduction of IL-1β and neuroinflammation.