It has been shown that the hemolysin secreted from P. mirabilis can predispose to more severe colitis by activating NLRP3 and IL-1ß secretion while ability of A. muciniphila to degrade intestinal mucin facilitates the activation of NLRP6 in genetically susceptible individuals [64, 65]. The gene discussed is MUC5AC; the disease is colitis.