Compared to benign adenomas, tumor cells in CRC have significantly weaker spatial associations with cytotoxic T cells (Supplemental Fig. 9), and significantly lower abundances of cytotoxic T cells and TNF-α (Fig. 5), suggesting that the anti-tumor response has been suppressed in CRC, which frees tumor cells to divide at higher rates (increased CK/Ki67 spatial association). Here, TNF is linked to adenoma.