Samples were stained in two sets: the first set comprised 12 CRA, 25 CIA, and 15 CRC, with IHC staining for tumor cells (CK), cytotoxic T cells (CD8), neutrophils (elastase), macrophages (CD68), B cells (CD20), immune checkpoint inhibition (PD-L1), vasculature (CD31), proliferation (Ki67), fibroblasts (αSMA), DNA damage (γH2AX), and COX2. This evidence concerns the gene PECAM1 and neoplasm.