S100A4 promoted the proliferation of lung fibroblasts and also drive myofibroblast differentiation by inducing the expression of the α-SMA and collagen I [18, 19], suggesting a critical role of S100A4 in deposition of collagen and profusion of fibroblastic foci in pulmonary fibrosis. This evidence concerns the gene S100A4 and pulmonary fibrosis.