Intriguingly, diabetic patients exhibit decreased β-cell mass and increased α-cell mass due in part to dedifferentiation of β-cells.7 In patients, the gain of miR-375 expression correlates with the decrease in β-cell to α-cell ratio.6 It is therefore at least a possibility that miR-375 contributes to the pathogenicity of diabetes by decreasing insulin secretion in β-cells,4 and by decreasing insulin levels through the reduction in β-cell numbers.5,6. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.