TGFB1 and ulcer disease: The major findings of the study were that 1—eUCS contains a significant concentration of several growth factors involved in the resolution of corneal defects (IGF, TGF-β1, and PDGF), whereas it is devoid of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, and MCP1); 2—the procedure is safe, as no adverse effects have been seen; and 3—the naturally occurring ulcers treated with eUCS for the six included horses healed.