We observed that the MMP-2/TIMP-1, MMP-2/TIMP-2, MMP-2/TIMP-3 and MMP-2/TIMP-4 MMP activity/TIMP protein ratios were increased in CCC heart tissue compared to DCM or control group samples (P ≤0.05) (Figures 5A–D). The gene discussed is TIMP4; the disease is familial dilated cardiomyopathy.