However, the AUC value in the combination group was higher than that in the exosomal miR-34a or AFP group alone and the sensitivity and specificity in the combination group were higher than those in the AFP or exosomal miR-34a alone, which reminded us the combination of serum exosomes miR-34a and AFP can help improve the AUC value, specificity and sensitivity of the diagnosis of HCC patients. Here, AFP is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.