In the pre-diagnostic marker category, the top genes were associated to diverse functions, such as thioredoxin interacting protein TXNIP (a regulator of cellular redox state whose function in CD4+ T cells seems to affect the proliferation of effector T cells) (34), and IL32 (previously associated with the progression of various inflammatory disorders including inflammatory bowel disease and gastric inflammation) (35, 36). This evidence concerns the gene IL32 and inflammatory bowel disease.