In addition, we highlight seven ligand–receptor pairs in DEGs that might be affected in CeD: ANXA1–FPR1, CD74–MIF, HLA-DPB1–TNFSF13B, ICOSLG–ICOS, TNF–ICOS, TNF–TNFRSF1B and TNFRSF1B–GRN. Here, TNF is linked to cranioectodermal dysplasia.