IFNB1 and infection: ZIKV (H/PF/2013) infection of microglial cells resulted in the expression of high levels of interferon type I (IFN-α and IFN-β) and type II (IFN-γ), as well as neurotoxic factors with strong proinflammatory effects (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1) (105, 107).