Binary regression analysis showed that serum AST/ALT >1.14 (OR = 2.247), INS*PA <1,833 μU/ml*g/L (OR = 2.970), FT3 <4.48 pmol/L (OR = 1.313), VitD <18.5 ng/ml (in male participants, OR = 1.817), PTC >336 nmol/L (OR = 1.511), and DBP <81 mmHg (in female participants, OR = 1.250) were independent risk factors for sarcopenia (P < 0.05). Here, INS is linked to sarcopenia.