INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In a clinical study with a 7-year follow-up, it was verified that higher serum IPA levels were negatively correlated with the occurrence of T2D (OR [CI]: 0.86 [0.73–0.99], p = 0.04), directly correlated with insulin secretion (β = 0.10, p = 0.06), and negatively correlated with hsCRP when blood samples were collected (r = −0.22, p = 0.0001), and during follow-up visits (β = −0.19, p = 0.001).