CX3CL1 and diabetes mellitus: These findings, combined with previous work from our group and others on the deleterious effects of CX3CL1 in cardiovascular and renal disease (Oh et al., 2008; Koziolek et al., 2010; Xuan et al., 2011; Xuan et al., 2012; Song et al., 2013), suggest that CX3CL1 may be involved in the development of cardiorenal dysfunction in diabetes.