Our present study found a significant down-regulation of Sirt3 expression in rabbits, cell models of AF, and AF patients, followed by a reduction in LCAD, AceCS2 and GDH activity, and the acetylation level of its expression, following a decrease of fatty acid metabolism, TCA and amino-acid metabolism, but HL reversed the above changes. The gene discussed is SIRT3; the disease is atrial fibrillation.