Our investigation demonstrated that rapid-pacing induced the increase of acetylation levels in LCAD, AceCS2 and GDH, and led to a decrease in the enzyme activity of LCAD, AceCS2 and GDH during AF, indicating AF induced a decrease in the metabolic capability of fatty acid oxidation, TCA cycle and amino acid metabolism, which were reversed by HL. Here, ACSS1 is linked to atrial fibrillation.