Although elevated whole blood transcriptional levels of GBP5 in aTB have been previously reported [17, 18, 25], elevated whole blood levels of GBP5 protein in aTB were first reported in this study.GBP5 protein levels were increased in both the aTB groups, PTB and EPTB, without a significant difference (Fig. 2A), which indicates that the whole blood GBP5 protein levels resulting from aTB were not influenced by the organs/sites where tuberculosis lesions occurred. Here, GBP5 is linked to tuberculosis.