TLR4 and infection: In actually, it has been reported that during the infection with Candida, the PRRs on the surface of phagocytes can recognize the fractions of Candida such as mannans, β-glucans, and chitin (Gazi and Martinez-Pomares, 2009; Netea and Marodi, 2010), and exert antifungal immunity through the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) including TLR2, TLR4, and C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) such as mannose receptor, dectin-1, dectin-2, and DC-specific intracellular adhesion molecule-grabbing non-integrin (Marodi et al., 1991; Tada et al., 2002; Brown, 2006).