Our previous studies firstly found that NSCLC patients with higher trimethylated histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) level demonstrated a lower probability of postoperative local relapse and determined loss of H3K27me3 expression as an independent risk factor [24, 25], and secondly found that NSCLC patients with higher RUNX3 level demonstrated a lower likelihood of postoperative distant metastasis, and the loss of RUNX3 expression predicted worst outcome and shorter overall survival (OS) [26]. The gene discussed is RUNX3; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.