IL33 and gastric cancer: For example, as a proinflammatory factor, IL33 was shown to promote the malignant progression of gastric cancer by activating the downstream ST2/MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling cascade (Yu et al., 2015; Zhou et al., 2020; Huang N. et al., 2021), which turned out to be a valuable prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer patients (Sun et al., 2011; Hu et al., 2017).