These alterations of electrical properties are involved in the development of AF and suggest that MSU-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages upregulates Kv1.5 expression in HL-1 cells, which plays a major role in APD shortening and the development of AF in atrial myocytes under hyperuricemia. The gene discussed is KCNA5; the disease is atrial fibrillation.