The insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling axis is activated by the binding of (IGF-1) to the insulin growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R); this binding activates several downstream molecular pathways including PI3K/AKT which inhibits apoptosis, increases protein synthesis and glucose metabolism, RAS/MAPK that promotes cell proliferation and JAK/STAT which induces epithelial- mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer cell stemness. Here, IGF1 is linked to cancer.