The described differences in LPA-mediated cellular responses and IL-8, IL-6 and TNF-alpha expression among the breast (cancer) cells underline previous findings that ATX-LPA-LPAR signaling is a complex issue, as it depends on the interplay on various factors, such as expression of LPAR, LPA concentration, and the same LPAR showing tumor-promoting as well as anti-tumorigenic effects. Here, ENPP2 is linked to neoplasm.