CRC patients in both TCGA and GSE17536 CRC cohorts with a higher infiltration of SPP1+ macrophages exhibited shorter PFS (Fig. 4e, Supplementary Fig. 6c), and the infiltration correlated with late-stage cancer and MSI-H patients in the TCGA CRC cohort (Supplementary Fig. 6d). This evidence concerns the gene SPP1 and colorectal carcinoma.