In this case, CDH1 and CDH2 mRNAs produce calcium-dependent adhesion proteins (E-cadherin and N-cadherin), which play a fundamental role in intercellular adhesion, and abnormal expression of these genes causes various diseases such as DN, diabetic retinopathy, and epithelial-derived solid tumors [25–27]. Here, CDH1 is linked to diabetic retinopathy.