Common risk factors for disseminated TB include HIV infection/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and immunosuppression from other causes such as organ transplantation, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus, and malignancies.[4,6] Our patient presented with a low CD4+T cell count without HIV infection, diabetes, or other immunodeficiency; thus, idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) could not be ruled out.[7] ICLs are often associated with infection, but it is not known whether infection triggers or its consequences lead to ICLs. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is infection.