USP8 and colonic neoplasm: Consistent with results from syngeneic mouse colon tumor models (Fig. 6a, c), the USP8 inhibitor combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody significantly suppressed tumor development in KP mice, evidenced by the reduced tumor sizes and areas, compared to either each agent alone or control group (Fig. 6e–g and Supplementary Fig. 6e).