IFNG and infectious disease: First of all, these are genes encoding IFN-γ and its receptors, as well as cellular factors STAT1 [23] and NFκB [24], directly related to the mechanism of IFN-γ action on the cell: antigen recognition, the realization of an innate immune response, and oxidative properties of macrophages [25], and necessary for protection against TB [26] and other infectious diseases, since they determine nonspecific pathways of action on the pathogen (Figure 1).