Although most studies have indicated that many diseases cause CRYAB overexpression in astrocytes, studies of cerebral ischemia in murine models (Piao et al., 2005; Li et al., 2012) showed an early expression of CRYAB in pyramidal neurons of the cerebral cortex during the first hours after occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and reperfusion. The gene discussed is CRYAB; the disease is brain ischemia.