NEFL and Alzheimer disease: For example, the combination of plasma measurements Aβ42/40, p-tau217, and NF-L predicted change in cognition and subsequent AD dementia (AUC = 0.82, 95% CI [0.77–0.91], P < 0.0001), showing that plasma biomarkers are linked to AD-related changes in the cognitively unimpaired elderly and can significantly reduce sample sizes needed to run clinical trials (Cullen et al., 2021).