In all T1D-RO donors [DiViD (n=6) and nPOD (n=2)], we observed several cells showing MDA5-positive signal, though negative for both insulin and glucagon; on the contrary, in nondiabetic control donor pancreas, we did not observe MDA5-positive, insulin- and glucagon-negative cells, neither within the islet parenchyma nor scattered in the exocrine (Figure 2A). Here, INS is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.