MDM2 and macular holes: Last but not least, the heightened % M observed in EMMs (p = 0.0053; OR = 8.250, 95% CI, 1.668–29.20) and ILMs (p = 0.0233; OR = 14.40, 95% CI, 1.560–175.8) from EMM patients with preoperative macular holes compared with those without holes (Figure 7; Table 4) further corroborates this speculation, as oxidative stress and aberrant preretinal gliosis intensify with retinal injury, giving rise to genomic instability at the MDM2 T309G locus in highly proliferating MCs.