HDAC6-mediated autophagy can result in “ciliophagy” in mouse tracheal epithelial cells and cholangiocarcinoma cells (51, 61), and thus some glioma cilia may be driven by HDAC6-mediated autophagy whose signaling at cilia is a key regulator of glioma cell proliferation (32). Here, HDAC6 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.