Activation of oncogenes.Activate oncogenic signals including Ras, Bcr-Abl, c-Myc, which hyperactivates cell proliferation.Inactivation of tumor suppressors, promoting angiogenesis, and mitochondrial dysfunction.Induction of Wnt/β-catenin pathway which increases metastatic potential.High expression of MMPs.Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)MMPs inhibitor or ROS inhibitor may be useful in the reversal of EMT or the killing of cancer stem cells.Regulation of NF-κB pathwaysContribution to drug resistance such as through high mutagenic rates. This evidence concerns the gene MYC and cancer.