To evaluate whether there are retinal synaptic defects in mice with adult-onset circulating IGF-1 deficiency, we labeled retinas from IGF-1 KD and control animals for VGLUT1 (photoreceptor and bipolar cell terminals) and SV2 (all presynaptic terminals, Figure 6A, magenta). The gene discussed is SV2A; the disease is hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 4.