On the other hand, estrogen loss following oophorectomy increases inflammation, tau hyperphosphorylation, accumulation of Aβ plaques and Aβ-induced neurotoxicity in transgenic mouse models of AD (Li et al., 2000; Levin-Allerhand et al., 2002; Yue et al., 2005; Nilsen et al., 2006). This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and Alzheimer disease.