BRAF and thyroid gland papillary carcinoma: The most commonly found mutated genes include BRAF, H-RAS, K-RAS, N-RAS, and PTEN. The BRAF V600E mutation is the most common in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) [10], corresponding to 28–83% of all gene mutations observed and accounting for about 90% of all BRAF mutations [11–13].