Additionally, preclinical and clinical studies suggest that Lm vaccines transform tumor microenvironments by increasing CD8+ T-cell infiltration (66), decreasing immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (10, 65) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (11, 65), and repolarizing tumor-associated macrophages from M2 to M1 phenotypes (10, 66, 67). Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.