Retrospective, observational cohort study.Patients were included into the study using data from HealthCore Integrated Research Database.Patients were treated with at least 1 oral antidiabetic or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1) at baseline. The observations were provided 6 months before first insulin use (first insulin prescription) and 12 months later (follow-up period).The analysis covered 1-year outcomes including treatment persistence and adherence, HbA1c, hypoglycemia rates and healthcare costs. This evidence concerns the gene INS and Hypoglycemia.