Studies on HBV infected patients have shown links between elevated levels of some hepatokines and insulin inhibition (e.g fetuin), between hepatokines, gluconeogenesis and the inflammatory response (fetuin A, leptin, resisitin, visfatin), between hepatokines and steatosis (leptin) as well as between hepatokines and HCC evolution (ghrelin, FGF21, fetuin A) (Table 2). Here, FGF21 is linked to steatosis.