Studies on HBV infected patients have shown links between elevated levels of some hepatokines and insulin inhibition (e.g fetuin), between hepatokines, gluconeogenesis and the inflammatory response (fetuin A, leptin, resisitin, visfatin), between hepatokines and steatosis (leptin) as well as between hepatokines and HCC evolution (ghrelin, FGF21, fetuin A) (Table 2). Here, LEP is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.