HDAC4 and atherosclerosis: For instance, HDAC4 is engaged in progression of atherosclerosis via regulating endothelial cell apoptosis10; moreover, it has been proposed that HDAC4 is able to regulate vascular inflammation11; furthermore, HDAC4 also inhibits neuron cell death in oxygen‐glucose deprivation (OGD)‐treated mice neurons, indicating its potential of neuroprotection12; in addition, HDAC4 is able to inhibit adhesion molecule (VCAM‐1), which is involved in the all stage of atherosclerosis, an important risk factor in pathology of AIS.15, 16