IFNG and pulmonary tuberculosis: Current WHO guidelines stipulate that “testing for TB infection by tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma release assay is not a requirement for initiating preventive treatment in PLHIV or child household contacts aged <5 years,” because it would otherwise pose a barrier to starting these high-risk groups on TPT.6 However, for other target groups, e.g., adults, adolescents and children aged ≥5 years who are household contacts of bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary TB patients, or migrants arriving from endemic areas, testing for TB infection is desirable before starting TPT.